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We found 23 result(s) matching your search for 'Donor'. Search again?

Actual Donor

A deceased donor, with at least one organ recovered for transplant, who also qualifies as an eligible donor.

Additional Donor

A deceased donor, with at least one organ recovered for transplant, from an extended criteria beyond eligible donors, such as those over 70 years of age or those Deceased After Cardiac Death (DCD). These patients are not included in the calculation of the donation rate for hospitals.

Cadaveric Donor

See Deceased Donor.

Cadaveric Transplant

The transplant of an organ from a deceased donor.

Chimerism

The simultaneous existence and function of components of both the donor's and the recipient's immune systems in the same patient, resulting in cross-regulation of immune system activities.

Crossmatch

A test to detect preformed antibodies in a potential recipient's blood against antigens on the surface of a potential donor's cells. A positive crossmatch means that the recipient has antibodies against the donor's cells. With a few exceptions, a positive crossmatch makes successful transplantation between that donor and recipient pair impossible.

Deceased Donor

An individual whose tissues or organs are donated after his or her death. Such donations come from two sources: patients who have suffered brain death and patients whose hearts have irreversibly stopped beating. The latter group is referred to as nonheartbeating donors. Throughout this report, we have used the term deceased donor instead of cadaveric donor.

Donation Rate

The total number of actual donors divided by the total number Eligible Donors.

Donor

An individual who supplies tissue or organs for transplantation.

Donor Cardiac Death (DCD)

See deceased donor.

Eligible Donor

These potential donors include any heart-beating individuals meeting, or imminently meeting, death by neurological criteria; aged 70 or under; who have not been diagnosed with exclusionary medical conditions such as HIV, leukemia, etc.

Expanded Criteria Donor (ECD)

A donor that is not considered to be 'ideal' or 'standard'. Characteristics may include advanced donor age, prior infection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C, hypertension or diabetes mellitus, abnormal donor organ function, and nonheartbeating status of a deceased donor. The term 'expanded' is used because an expansion of the donor pool is considered to increase transplantation and is preferred over the term 'marginal donor'.

Expanded Criteria Donor (ECD) Kidneys

A kidney donated for transplantation from any deceased donor over the age of 60 years; or from a donor over the age of 50 years with two of the following: a history of hypertension, a terminal serum creatinine greater than or equal to 1.5 mg/dl, or death resulting from a cerebral vascular accident (stroke).

Human Leukocyte Antigen System (HLA System)

Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA), also known as histocompatibility antigens, are molecules found on all nucleated cells in the body. Histocompatibility antigens help the immune system to recognize whether or not a cell is foreign to the body. These antigens are inherited from one's parents. Human leukocyte antigens are used to determine the compatibility of kidneys and pancreata for transplantation from one individual to another. The major groups of HLA antigens are HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR. The values shown in this report are based on the six HLA antigens (two each for the A, B, and DR loci) reported for both donors and recipients. Tables reporting the level of HLA mismatch indicate the number of HLA antigens found in the donor that are not shared by the recipients. Generally speaking, the smaller the number of HLA mismatches the better the compatibility between donor organ and recipient.

Living Donor

A living person who donates an organ for transplantation, such as a kidney or a segment of the lung, liver, pancreas, or intestine. Living donors may be blood relatives, emotionally related individuals, or altruistic strangers.

Nonheartbeating Donor

See Deceased Donor.

Organ Preservation

Between procurement from a donor and transplantation into a recipient, organs require special methods of preservation. The length of time that organs and tissues can be kept outside the body varies, depending on the organ, the preservation fluid, and the temperature.

Organ Procurement Organization (OPO)

A certified, not-for-profit organization designated by CMS to be responsible for the procurement of organs for transplantation and the promotion of organ donation within a given Donation Service Area (DSA). There are 59 OPOs nationwide that facilitate the organ donation process by assessing in-hospital deaths for donor eligibility; consulting with families of potential donors; and retrieving, preserving, and transporting organs for transplantation.

Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA)

The percent PRA value is a measure of a patient's level of sensitization to donor antigens. It is the percentage of cells from a panel of blood donors against which a potential recipient's serum reacts. The PRA reflects the percentage of the general population that a potential recipient makes antibodies (is sensitized) against. The higher the PRA, the more sensitized a patient is to the general donor pool, and thus the more difficult it is to find a suitable donor. A patient may become sensitized as a result of pregnancy, a blood transfusion, or a previous transplant.

Procurement

The process of donor screening and the evaluation, removal, preservation, and distribution of organs, tissues, or cells for transplantation.

Sensitization

Potential recipients are sensitized if their immune system makes antibodies against potential donors. Sensitization usually occurs as a consequence of pregnancy, blood transfusions, or previous transplantation. The degree of sensitization is measured by PRA. Highly sensitized patients are more likely to reject an organ transplant than are unsensitized patients.

Time to Transplant (TT)

The time between when a patient is registered on a waiting list and when that patient receives a transplant. Annual Report tables show the median and other percentiles of time to transplant. The median time to transplant is the time by which 50% of a group of registrants have received a transplant. Among the factors affecting time to transplant are the shortage of organs; biologic issues such as blood type, body size of donors and recipients, PRA, immunological factors, and medical urgency status (for liver and heart); donation rates within an area; donation request and consent procedures at OPOs; and patient registration and organ acceptance practices at transplant centers. Table 1.6 presents an alternative measure, waiting time before transplant, in which inactive time on the waiting list is not counted and patients are censored at any removal from the waiting list.

Waiting List

After evaluation by a team of transplant professionals, a patient is added to the national waiting list by the transplant center. Lists are specific to both geographic area and organ type: kidney, pancreas, kidney-pancreas, liver, intestine, heart, lung, and heart-lung. Each time a donor organ becomes available, a computer generates a list of potential recipients based on factors that may include genetic similarity, organ size, medical urgency, and time on the waiting list. Through this process, a new list that best matches a waiting patient to a donated organ is generated each time an organ becomes available.

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Available Terms:

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ABO Blood Type
Actual Donor
Additional Donor
Advisory Committee on Organ Transplantation (ACOT)
Allocation Policies
Allograft
Annual Death Rate
Antibody
Antigen
Cadaveric Donor
Cadaveric Transplant
Cardiomyopathy
Censoring
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
Chimerism
Cockcroft-Gault Formula
Cohort
Cold Ischemia Time (CIT)
Compliance
Confidence Interval
Congenital Heart Disease
Coronary Artery Disease
Creatinine
Crossmatch
Death Rate
Deceased Donor
Division of Transplantation (DoT)
Donation Rate
Donation Service Area
Donor
Donor Cardiac Death (DCD)
DSA
DSA
Eligible Donor
Emphysema
End-Stage Organ Failure
End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Ethnicity
Expanded Criteria Donor (ECD)
Expanded Criteria Donor (ECD) Kidneys
FEV1
Final Rule
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Graft
Graft Survival
Haplotype
HCFA
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
Heterotopic Transplant
Histocompatibility Antigens
Human Leukocyte Antigen System (HLA System)
Immunogenicity
Immunosuppression
Induction Therapy
Informed Consent
Inotropes
Justice
Living Donor
Median Time to Transplant
Median Waiting Time
Medical Urgency Status Codes
Medical Urgency Status Codes for Heart Allocation (1999-2002)
Medical Urgency Status Codes for Heart Allocation (Pre-1999)
Medical Urgency Status Codes for Liver Allocation (1997)
Medical Urgency Status Codes for Liver Allocation (1997-2000)
Medical Urgency Status Codes for Liver Allocation (Pre-1997)
Mismatch
Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)
National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA)
Nonheartbeating Donor
OPO
Organ Preservation
Organ Procurement
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN)
Organ Procurement Organization (OPO)
Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA)
Patient Survival
Pediatric End Stage Liver Disease (PELD) Scoring System
Percentile
Procurement
Race
Recipient
Rejection
Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR)
Sensitization
Standard Error
Thoracic Organs
Time to Transplant (TT)
Tissue Type
Transplant Center
Transplant Program
Tumor
United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)
University Renal Research and Education Association (URREA)
Utility
Vascular
Ventricular Assist Device (VAD)
Waiting List
Waiting List (Active)
Waiting List (Inactive)
Waiting List (Removal)
Waiting Time